”Decision making always and necessarily implies human actions, which, when facing an external event (information) must identify the event’s future status and set up the potential action ways leading to suggested goal accomplishment”

Uncertainty means partially or totally knowing the probabilities to accomplish an action’s potential results.

Decisions’ basic factors during decision making are interdependent, which reflects the features of the decision making they generate. Economic decisions in certainty conditions are characterized by maximum probability to accomplish pursued goals using the predicted ways. The elements involved...

The contents of this paper I will try to address all those interested in studying the system of franchising, both theoreticians and practitioners in this field to contribute to the progress of this system in our country. Franchising is a reality in motion which will write more, being on time to...

I develop awareness-dependent subjective expected utility by taking unawareness structures introduced in Heifetz, Meier, and Schipper (2006, 2008, 2009) as primitives in the Anscombe-Aumann approach to subjective expected utility. I observe that a decision maker is unaware of an event if and...

In their recent work Thomas S. Schelling (2007, 2010), reiterating original arguments about game theory and its applications to social sciences. In particular, game theory helps to explore situations in which agents make decisions interdependent (strategic communication). Schelling's originality...

This paper refers to some of my research findings on Decision Making processes in complex systems work. Starting as a complex cognitive process strongly contextualized in the operating environment, it ends up, in complex systems work, as an equally complex network of actors and systems (human...

The study here reviews the institutional structure of the Sudanese government. Truly, though it is stigmatized as totalitarian, the structure is phenotypically perfect. Ministry of Ministries council is supposed to cater for analyzing data concerning ministries performance, drawing strategic...

The book reveals complex cross-cutting issues of estimation uncertainty and certainty, analysis and management in the socio-economic systems, including information theory, decision making, determining the mechanisms of self-organization and chaos in the development of economic institutions and...

In this paper we develop the theory of uncertainty in a context where the risks assumed by the individual are measurable and manageable. We primarily use the definition of lottery to formulate the axioms of the individual's preferences, and its representation through the utility function von...