International financial integration has faced major changes and challenges since the 2008-09 global financial crisis. The crisis triggered a persistent contraction in international capital flows. Regulatory reforms and new macro-prudential frameworks have been reshaping international finance...

According to standard theory, one of the central benefits of international financial markets is the possibility of reducing national consumption risk. A basic measure of risk sharing is hence the degree to which national consumption rates move in unison across countries. In the simplest...