In the context of an increasingly aging population, this paper examines the economic incentives of long-term care insurance policies for women to disengage from informal care responsibilities within the household. Through constructing both theoretical analytical frameworks and empirical...

This study aims to analyze the impact of parents’ employment status mobility on the children’s employment status mobility. In doing so, we applied a two-stage multinomial logistic regression model. In this research, employment status mobility refers to a mobility status from informal to...

Why China was not the origin of the Industrial Revolution but rose from imperial dynasties and experienced a growth miracle in the past four decades? We find that its root is China's imperial examination system (keju), which explains the fall and rise of historical, modern, and contemporary...

In public debate, the pros and cons of the minimum wage are frequently boiled down to simple tradeoff between earnings gains and job losses. This chapter argues that an exclusive focus on tradeoffs between earnings gains and job losses is too narrow, as firms can make myriad adjustments to blunt...

This paper focuses on the challenges posed by high public debt and demographic decline in Italy. The interplay between these two factors threatens debt sustainability and hinders economic growth. A large debt stock constrains economic policy choices and limits national sovereignty. Meanwhile,...

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone and key drivers of economy and economic growth in each country. In developing countries like Afghanistan, SMEs are a good source of income generation and employment, and they are considered the heart of private sectors. After the...

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone and key drivers of economy and economic growth in each country. In developing countries like Afghanistan, SMEs are a good source of income generation and employment, and they are considered the heart of private sectors. After the...

Should we think of immigration as an exogenous shock to labor supply in the receiving economy? The time series of the share of migrant labor is `Granger caused' by that of total hours worked and the average real wage in the UK economy. This suggests that immigration is, in part, determined by...

Successfully transitioning to a low-carbon economy by 2050 necessitates not only technological advancements but also the swift reallocation of the workforce. Existing policies, such as the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), focus on firm subsidies while overlooking critical labor market coordination...

Australia, since the early 1980s, has been a leading advocate and practitioner of the neo-liberal economic model, also known as the Anglo-Saxon (or Anglo-American) model due to its geographical origins in the UK and the US, and its subsequent ascendancy in Australia, New Zealand and Canada,...