The latter part of the 20th century saw the lean production paradigm positively impact many market sectors ranging from automotive through to construction. In particular, there is much evidence to suggest that level scheduling combined with the elimination of muda has successfully delivered a...

It is well known that forecasting mechanisms can greatly increase "bullwhip" – demand variance amplification of orders as processed by both human and algorithmic decision makers. This paper is concerned with the application of the well-established APIOBPCS Decision Support System (a variant of...