This paper presents the results of long run labour productivity and GDP growth rate projections (until 2050) for each of the 25 EU Member States and provides a detailed overview of the forecast methodology used. These projections were undertaken in order to provide an internationally comparable...

The effect of labour costs on industry profits, employment and labour income is at the heart of the current European debate on industry competitiveness. High wages paid in European countries such as Germany are generally considered harmful for industry profitability. Though, high wages appear...

The cyclically adjusted budget balance (CAB) plays a key role in the EU fi scal surveillance framework. It started off in a supporting role in the shadow of the headline defi cit and, before long, turned into the linchpin of the rules of the Stability and Growth Pact. The steep ascent was driven...

The paper examines consolidation episodes in the EU since 1970 with a view to shedding light on the factors that determine the success or failure of fiscal adjustment. Compared to the existing literature on successful fiscal consolidations we add a number of new dimensions. Three deserve...

The trade balances of the Euro Area (EA) and of the US have improved markedly after the Global Financial Crisis. This paper quantifies the drivers of EA and US economic fluctuations and external adjustment, using an estimated (1999-2017) three-region (US, EA, rest of world) DSGE model with trade...

The unprecedented global recession triggered by the Covid pandemic was met with a broad range of massive monetary, fiscal and financial policy interventions to support households, businesses and financial institutions. The legacy of the Covid crisis includes record public debt, a global...

The unprecedented global recession triggered by the Covid pandemic was met with a broad range of massive monetary, fiscal and financial policy interventions to support households, businesses and financial institutions. The legacy of the Covid crisis includes record public debt, a global...

Slow growth, low interest rates and low inflation have characterized the macroeconomic environment in the Euro Area and other advanced economies since the global financial crisis of 2008-09. In this economic landscape there are growing concerns that advanced economies will face continued...

The financial crisis that erupted in 2007 triggered the deepest global recession since the 1930s. In many advanced economies, governments attempted to counter the recession by sizable fiscal stimulus measure. Those measures, and the fall in tax revenues due to the recession, frequently lead to...

The global financial crisis of 2007-09 triggered a sharp fall in output growth that was followed by a persistent slump in Europe and other advanced economies. Almost a decade after the outbreak of the global financial crisis, the recovery remains very weak in many major advanced economies. This...