We presented a theory that attempts to explain the stylized fact of the persistence of child labor in developing countries. Our model shows the importance of the role of institutions in explaining the level of education of these countries. These institutions can be formal as the quality of...

We study the roles that migration and remittances play in the human capital formation of children in Egypt. Our estimations reveal a significant association between remittances and human capital formation: the higher the probability of receipt of remittances, the higher the probability of school...

Youth unemployment has been and always will be an important item on the government's agenda. With youth unemployment rates reaching as high as 27 percent in 2016, twice as high as the overall unemployment rate, the future of the country is in danger. With today's generation having a great thirst...

We provide a measure of equality of educational opportunity in 54 countries, estimated as the effect of family background on student performance in two international TIMSS tests. We then show how organizational features of the education system affect equality of educational opportunity. Our...

In the context of an increasingly aging population, this paper examines the economic incentives of long-term care insurance policies for women to disengage from informal care responsibilities within the household. Through constructing both theoretical analytical frameworks and empirical...

This study aims to analyze the impact of parents’ employment status mobility on the children’s employment status mobility. In doing so, we applied a two-stage multinomial logistic regression model. In this research, employment status mobility refers to a mobility status from informal to...

Why China was not the origin of the Industrial Revolution but rose from imperial dynasties and experienced a growth miracle in the past four decades? We find that its root is China's imperial examination system (keju), which explains the fall and rise of historical, modern, and contemporary...

In public debate, the pros and cons of the minimum wage are frequently boiled down to simple tradeoff between earnings gains and job losses. This chapter argues that an exclusive focus on tradeoffs between earnings gains and job losses is too narrow, as firms can make myriad adjustments to blunt...

This paper focuses on the challenges posed by high public debt and demographic decline in Italy. The interplay between these two factors threatens debt sustainability and hinders economic growth. A large debt stock constrains economic policy choices and limits national sovereignty. Meanwhile,...

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone and key drivers of economy and economic growth in each country. In developing countries like Afghanistan, SMEs are a good source of income generation and employment, and they are considered the heart of private sectors. After the...