Poor economic performance of minority groups and large economic disparity between these groups and the majority group are major concerns in most countries. In many of these countries, the mother tongue of the latter group is the common language in national business and in inter-group...

This paper empirically analyzes whether a prominent place-based innovation policy, the institution of the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), has affected the treated region innovative capacity. By relying on the Synthetic Control Method (SCM) approach and Italian NUTS-3 regional panel data,...

Many developing countries are populated by multiple ethnic groups who use their own language in daily life and in local business, but have to use a common language in national business and in communications with other groups. In these countries, how much weights should be placed on teaching a...

Demographic transition creates a small window for countries when the population pyramid shows signs of maturity and bulges in the middle, indicating a relatively larger share of working age population. Key to reaping this demographic dividend lies in using the working age population to fullest...

Early-life circumstances have a long-term impact on adult outcomes such as health, wealth, and happiness. Using exogenous variation in weather conditions across 46 developing countries over time, this study examines the impact of experiencing weather shocks in childhood on adult non-cognitive...

This paper leverages on the establishment of Italian Institute of Technology (IIT) as a policy change useful to understand the causal effect of public funded research centres on the regional innovative capacity. By relying on the Synthetic Control Method (SCM) approach and Italian NUTS-3 panel...

The relevance of non-cognitive skill to individuals’ socio-economic outcomes has become a crucial point of interest. The literature suggests that those who possess growth mindsets—the belief that intelligence and ability can be developed—are more likely to succeed academically and respond...

This paper provides a simple development mechanism for African nations, where economic development is low due to not only low level of physical capital but also poor social capital that leads to lot of conflicts. The study suggests for development of social capital, which is a broader concept...

“We risk having a generation that hasn’t held a job. Personal dignity comes from working [.] Young people are in a crisis". Pope Francis - July the 22nd, 2013. Youth unemployment is a critical issue across the European Union with 5.5 million people unemployed among the 18-24 years age group...