The economic and financial variables of economic agents determine macroeconomic variables. Current models consider agents’ variables that are determined by the sums of values and volumes of agents’ trades during some time interval Δ. We call them first-order economic variables. We describe...

In this article, we use recently developed oanel causality and cointegration techniques to examine the long-run relationship between inflation and economic growth of the 8 WAEMU countries. A panel of 256 observations was therefore constituted from the IMF (WDI) and BCEAO database. Our results...

In this article, we use recently developed panel causality and cointegration techniques to examine the long-run relationship between inflation and economic growth of the 8 WAEMU countries. A panel of 256 observations was therefore constituted from the IMF (WDI) and BCEAO database. Our results...

In this article, we use recently developed panel causality and cointegration techniques to examine the long-term relationship between inflation and economic growth in the 8 WAEMU countries. A panel of 256 observations was thus constituted from the IMF (WDI) and CBWAS database. Our results...

The current debate on financial inclusion pays little attention to whether financial inclusion is pro-cyclical with the fluctuating business cycle. This article investigates the relationship between financial inclusion and the business cycle. The findings reveal that the level of savings and the...

The different target of the time period has been established over the past two decades in the institutionalization of a single currency union in West Africa. Depending on varied reasons the proposed programs have always failed before the set timelines in respect of ECOWAS monetary unification...

This paper provides the modelling framework of the price formation block in the macro econometric Albanian model (MEAM). MEAM is constructed on neo-Keynesian theoretical principles, implying a vertical long-run aggregate supply curve with aggregate demand factors impacting supply in the...

This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the various economic and social determinants that have shaped Bangladesh's developmental journey. It traces the country's evolution, from its pre-independence struggles to its post-independence recovery, resilience, and eventual emergence as a...

This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted economic and social forces that have shaped Bangladesh's developmental trajectory, tracing its journey from pre-independence stagnation through post-war recovery to its emergence as a resilient and increasingly successful nation...

This paper investigates the impacts of inflation, trade openness and exchange rate on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Philippines, and Turkey.Johansen-Juselius (1988) procedure is applied to test the cointegration relationship among the...