The EC Directive on financial instruments markets 2004 (MiFID) has introduced a number of order and trade publication obligations imposed on organised exchanges, alternative trading systems (ATS), and the class of broker dealers that execute transactions in shares internally. This article...

Stationarity of hedge ratios can be viewed as a first step for portfolio hedging since it represents that the sensitivity of spot and futures returns follow a process whose main characteristics do not depend on time. However, we provide evidence that the hedge ratios of the main European stock...

Accurate and economically useful oil price forecasts have gained significant importance over the last decade. The majority of the studies use information from the oil market fundamentals to generate oil price forecasts. Nevertheless, the extant literature has convincingly shown that oil prices...

The assets of the hedge fund industry are nearly equivalent to the GDP of the UK. The industry, which claims returns independent of markets conditions and has been blamed for economic crises, has attracted the interest of a wide range of financial and political players and academics. This paper,...

Two volatility forecasting evaluation measures are considered; the squared one-day-ahead forecast error and its standardized version. The mean squared forecast error is the widely accepted evaluation function for the realized volatility forecasting accuracy. Additionally, we explore the...

This paper provides empirical evidence that Croatian companies manage reported earnings to avoid losses and earnings declines. Specifically, we find that the cross-sectional distribution of scaled earnings and changes in earnings show high frequencies of small positive earnings and small...

Two volatility forecasting evaluation measures are considered; the squared one-day-ahead forecast error and its standardized version. The mean squared forecast error is the widely accepted evaluation function for the realized volatility forecasting accuracy. Additionally, we explore the...

Academics and practitioners have extensively studied Value-at-Risk (VaR) to propose a unique risk management technique that generates accurate VaR estimations for long and short trading positions. However, they have not succeeded yet as the developed testing frameworks have not been widely...

In financial literature, Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) modelling is focused on producing 1-step ahead conditional variance forecasts. The present paper provides a methodological contribution to the multi-step VaR and ES forecasting through a new adaptation of the Monte Carlo...

The present study compares the performance of the long memory FIGARCH model, with that of the short memory GARCH specification, in the forecasting of multi-period Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) across 20 stock indices worldwide. The dataset is comprised of daily data covering...