Our paper estimates the speed of moment adjustment based on the first difference of the lead (t+1) leverage levels (actual lead) and lag (t-1) leverage levels (actual lag) to the first difference of simulated lead (target) leverage levels and lag levels (actual lag leverage) for firm level data....

Our paper evaluates the capital structure of Malaysian firms from a unique perspective by evaluating the impact of Shari’ah compliance on firms’ financing decision. We find that firms that are Shari’ah compliant tend to lean towards lower debt issues to finance their deficits, implying...

The dynamic trade-off view of capital structure is based on partial adjustment models that find that firms adjust towards target levels. In this paper, we estimate the speed of adjustment based on the first difference of the lead leverage levels (actual lead) and lag leverage levels (actual lag)...