heuristics for this problem and to present a tabu search heuristic for further improvement. Computational results indicate that … diese Problemstellung zwei neue Konstruktionsheuristiken sowie eine Tabusuche-Heuristik zur weiteren Lösungsverbesserung …. Für jedes dieser Probleme wurde ebenfalls eine Tabusuche-Heuristik entwickelt und auf existierenden und neuen …

grouping of objects, such as economy, symmetry, and similarity in different consumer decision domains. Specifically, it is …

decision accuracy (P = 0.23). Although the anchoring effect remains robust amongst subjects using a for/against document tool … decision making. Set in the context of making health-related decisions, this research tests the hypotheses that (i) people …; and (iii) correcting for biases during information searching improves decision making. Using a retrospective data analysis …

lognormal population. The four statistical methods were: (i) the geometric mean (GM), (ii) a bias-corrected form of the …

2SPS and 2SRI for logistic binary outcomes have not been thoroughly studied. We study the bias and variance properties … trial. We first present closed form expressions of asymptotic bias for the causal odds ratio from both 2SPS and 2SRI … approaches. Our closed form bias results show that the 2SPS logistic regression generates asymptotically biased estimates of this …

It is well-known that bias such as lead-time and length distort studies of screening efficacy whether survival or … incidence is of interest. A third bias, usually called overdiagnosis bias, occurs when an individual is only diagnosed with … disease before death from a different cause because he/she is screened. These forms of bias can also arise in observational …

bias preventive approach developed by Firth (1993) to handlethe bias of an estimator of the log-odds ratio parameter in … conditional logistic regression bysolving a modified score equation. The resultant estimator not only reduces bias but alsocan …