We consider a situation where the relatively ‘poor’ are concerned about their relative income status with respect to a relevant reference group. Such a concern is explicitly introduced in a utility function to study the consumption and saving behavior of the poor in terms of a static and...

The paper revises the impact of infrastructures and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on economic growth. It takes Spain as a reference case due to the accessibility to capital services estimates. The Spanish database allows the measurement of the impact on growth of three ICT...

The trend growth rate of the Italian economy has been declining since the 1980s. To examine how to offset this trend, we estimate a simple specification of an endogenous growth model. Cointegrating equations for the long-run output growth and its determinants are estimated with alternative time...

The trend growth rate of the Italian economy has been declining since the 1980s. To examine how to offset this trend, we estimate a simple specification of an endogenous growth model. Cointegrating equations for the long-run output growth and its determinants are estimated with alternative time...

This paper estimates the steady state growth rate for Ireland with an extended version of the Solow (1956) growth model. We show that the education and trade openness have played an important role to improve the long-run growth rate. Policies to further improve the long-run growth rate are...

This paper estimates the steady state growth rate for Scandinavian countries with a “knowledge economy” approach. We shall use an extended version of the Solow (1956) growth model, in which total factor productivity is assumed to be a function of human capital (measured by average years of...

In the growth literature, there is a nonlinear relationship between economic growth and government size, which is similar to an inverted U-shaped curve. This curve can be used to determine the optimum share of government expenditures. This paper, using threshold panel approach, attempts to...

In the last 30 years, Greece has experienced a rapid rate of economic growth which has transformed the economy and enabled it to become a member of the EEC. Specifically, Greece transformed itself from an agricultural economy with virtually no industrial base to an economy with a significant...

In the present study, labor markets were analyzed, in particular, the reasons of low labor force rate to make sense based on the data of Turkish economy. While in the advanced economies, the labor force rate is quite high and has small fluctuations around a certain extent over a long-term. In...

This work is about the compatibility of the given credit rates to Turkey by the USA originated credit rating companies and the data of the Turkish economy. When their own resources are not enough to finance economical growth, countries are needed for foreign investments. These foreign...