A lot of policy interest and analysis has been focused on energy saving obligations on energy 5 distributors or suppliers (mainly electricity and gas)coupled with trading of certified energy savings via tradable white certificates. While in the European Union the Energy Services Directive...

The European Union's Energy Efficiency Directive calls for EU Member States to put in place ambitious energy efficiency policies and requires them to establish energy saving targets. One of the most important Articles of the Directive is Article 7, which required Member States to implement...