This paper presents an index of institutionalized social technologies for Pakistan, covering its two main dimensions namely Risk reducing technologies and Anti Rent seeking technologies and in turn covers several social, institutional, political and economic aspects. It is also analyzed...

This paper investigates relationship between institutional quality and economic performance in Pakistan using the Johansen-Juselius cointegration technique and the Granger causality test. The study results indicate that Institutions and growth are cointegrated and thus exhibit a reliable long...

This paper presents an index of institutionalized social technologies covering its two main dimensions namely Risk reducing technologies and Anti Rent seeking technologies and in turn covers several social, institutional, political and economic aspects. Specifically it attempted to classify and...

The role of institutions in promoting economic growth and development has generated considerable interest among researchers and practitioners in recent years. This paper explores the role of state institutions in promoting growth using a GMM econometric model. Specifically it attempted to test...

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the decline in private investment and formulate a comprehensive strategy to overcome this problem, which is the main cause of deceleration in the growth momentum of Pakistan’s economy. Due to lack of investor confidence, private investment has reached...

The role of productivity in accelerating the pace of economic growth is well recognized in economic literature and this paper shows that Pakistan’s case is no exception. The purpose of the paper was also to see the effect of government fiscal policy, monetary policy and other economic measures...

The expansionary economic policies of the government and of the central bank (State Bank of Pakistan – SBP), which on one side resulted in impressive economic performance, stimulated a rise in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) on the other. This initiated a debate on the determinants of the...

The tax efficiency in Pakistani tax system remained focal point for the last 25 years. However, despite all efforts the tax to GDP ratio remained constant during this period. This period is very active political period for Pakistan, which had strong impacts on the economy of Pakistan. For...

In the recent years, the ‘black economy’ has held enormous appeal for policy makers. Presence of black economy creates critical misrepresentation of macroeconomic variables in official estimates that lead to the false determination and delusional impact of economic policies. Similarly, black...

One of the objectives of the government is to boost the level of investment in the economy. With limited fiscal space little attention is paid to the effective usage of tax expenditures. This paper evaluates government’s options of tax expenditures and direct expenditures to augment private...