Domestic technical measures such as SPS and TBTs can enhance import demand via information disclosure and quality improvement, or hamper foreign export supply via imposing sizeable compliance costs, or both. The traditional gravity equation model estimates the net effect of these measures on...

This study examines the effect of increasing environmentalregulation on hog production in the U.S. domestic market and on thecompetitiveness of U.S. pork in the international market. Agriculturalpollution from animal feeding operations (AFOs) is becoming a majorenvironmental consideration in the...