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Pakistan has been pursuing an active albeit expansionary fiscal policy since 1970s. In the mid-1970s to early-1980s, such policy choice was manifested in externally financed development spending, primarily in the form of investment in public enterprises. Despite excessive deficit financing,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015214310
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) is an important aspect of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) besides projects with regard to infrastructure, energy, and the development of Gwadar port. SEZs as growth strategy has static and dynamic implications for the host economy. In static sense, they help...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015220595
Violence is a recourse towards achieving particular objectives. In its most extreme form, violence deprives the victim of the most basics of human rights, i.e. the right to live and bodily integrity. Thus, violence is undesirable and needs to be prevented. Formal and informal institutions are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015236007
The institutional perspective of cross-country differences in economic outcomes gives contrasting explanations on the persistence of extractive institutions in developing countries. Colonization, social fragmentation and the existence and use of natural resources are the most frequently...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015250157
The paper aims to find the long run and the short run relationships between trade balance, income, money supply, and real effective exchange rate for the period 1980 to 2011 in the case of Pakistan. The analysis is based on bounds testing approach to co-integration and error correction models,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015243542