This paper tests the hypothesis that upper-level governments can transfer the accountability of the costs of a reform to a lower one. The reform of the school rhythm in France provides the ground for a verification of this hypothesis, as it was nationally decided and locally implemented, right...

I propose a method for difference-in-differences (DD) estimation in situations where the stable unit treatment value assumption is violated locally. This is relevant for a wide variety of cases where spillovers may occur between quasi-treatment and quasi-control areas in a (natural) experiment....

Using homogenous firm-level data for the largest Member States of the EU over the period 2007-2009, we test whether manufacturing firms receiving R&D public supports (subsidies and/or tax incentives) spent more on R&D. The analysis is performed by means of both non-parametric (Propensity Score...

This paper analyses inclusive growth that focuses on the creation of opportunities for all. Inclusive growth allows people to contribute to and benefit from economic growth, while pro-poor growth approaches focusing on welfare of the poor only to reduce inequality. Recently, economics literature...

There is growing rigorous evidence on the schooling impacts of unconditional cash transfers, but only few have systematically reviewed the literature. This paper fills the gap through applying a meta-regression analysis to 38 studies of 22 programmes in 18 countries. We find that unconditional...

There is growing rigorous evidence on the schooling impacts of unconditional cash transfers, but only few have systematically reviewed the literature. This paper fills the gap through applying a meta-regression analysis to 38 studies of 22 programmes in 18 countries. We find that unconditional...

As Africa’s major oil exporter and factor driven stage country, Nigeria has made some progress in socioeconomic terms in recent years. However, large pockets of Nigeria’s population still live in poverty without adequate access to basic services. Currently, Nigeria is capturing just as small...

None of the known macroeconomic theories are adequate to understand what to do in a global crisis like the 2020 Global Pandemic. Rational Expectations and monetarism cannot even ex-plain how is that a global crisis like this happens. The IS-LM model was designed to manage business cycles, but...

Businesses, consumers, and individual investors rely on a host of debt instruments when their internal resources are insufficient. This paper explores the determinants of debt financing choices among small-scale manufacturing enterprises in Ethiopia—with special focus on the role of government...

We quantify, for the first time, the impact of different prices on the quantity used of disposable plastic bags over a one-year post-treatment period, with respect to a one-year pre-treatment period of no regulation. Our outcome variable is the number of single-use plastic bags used by customers...