Defining the welfare state is not a simpleminded task. Actually, there are numerous definitions which try to reflect at least some of the basic characteristics of the welfare state or its objectives and its functions. For some, there is primarily an institutional parameter, for others there are...

The development policy in Indonesia to implement the human development paradigm should be able to put people as actors and regional economic development as a vehicle for the public welfare. However, the government's policy as outlined in the budget form precisely the opposite direction to a...

The main function of the state in nowadays-civilized world is to maintain the macroeconomic proportions throughout the country and avoid financial and economic crisis in regions that have priority in the formation of the new economic system in Georgia. The object of the research is the formation...

In the present essay we begin with a short presentation of the Aetolian proto-federation and compare its structure and institutions with two modern ones, that of Canada and that of the European Union. We will then make an evaluation of the three federations according to two sets of criteria. a)...

The problem of non-uniformity in the level of development of the regions is one of the most important policy goals of any state. In many countries, budget policy of inter-regional alignment made on the basis of special financial mechanisms. This article describes two models of organization of...

In this paper I analyse a labour market where the wage is endogenously determined according to an Efficient Bargaining process between a firm and a labour union whose members are partitioned into two social groups: the old and the young. Furthermore, I exploit the Single-Mindedness theory, which...

In this paper I will analyse the redistribution of income amongst n generations using the Single-mindedness Theory. I will introduce a new expression for the balanced-budget constraint, no longer based on lump- sum transfers as in the traditional literature, but rather on more realistic labour...

This note has addressed the empirical issue of crowding out by examining the proportion of GDP devoted to private investment in new physical capital in part as a function of the proportion of GDP devoted to federal government outlays. Three alternative models were estimated, all of which...

Nigeria returned to a democratic government in 1999. Evidence in the literature shows that democracy promotes economic development. In the recent past, the democratic trajectory of Nigeria has led to empirical debates about the democratization process of the developing states in particular,...

For decades, the history of Sudan, Africa's third largest country with around 46 million inhabitants, has been marked by violent clashes between the northern, Muslim and Arab military elites of the capital Khartoum at the expense of the civilian population. Since Sudan gained independence in...