Inertial factors are one the main reasons for the persistence of inflation and the high output losses of disinflation. However the removal of these factors can be costly in terms of popularity for the government : for example, unions may resist the reduction of lagged wage indexation. In this...

The paper examines cases in which from a production efficiency standpoint "big bang" programs are superior to gradualist programs. Nevertheless, in the presence of (I) uncertainty about the exogenous shocks, (ii) dependence of policy actions on the state of the economy, and (iii) uncertain...

It has long been recognized that contemporaneous wage indexation stabilizes output and employment in the face of monetary shocks, but hampers the adjustment of the economy to real shocks that require changes in the real wage. Another feature of wage indexing is that it reduces the incentive of...

The corporate governance problem of state enterprises in formerly centrally planned economies can give rise to excess wage claims and/or capital decumulation if workers and managers try to appropriate the firm''s assets before it is "commercialized" or privatized. Since state enterprises still...

Economics

In the last two decades the economic policy of several developing countries has often been characterized by perverse cycles of unsustainable policies and attempts at stabilization. A common feature of models designed to show how these delays in stabilizations can be explained in a way that is...

In several countries policymakers are striving to improve the budget balance. Trivially, this can be done by raising taxes and/or cutting expenditures. But the two strategies are not equivalent. In this paper, we investigate several issues referring to the relationship between the fiscal stance,...

This paper presents a model where income distribution and redistributive fiscal policy interact to affect the budget deficit and the pattern of net borrowing of a country. According to the standard representative agent paradigm, a small open economy should smooth consumption by borrowing from...

A fiscal program that redistributes income from rich to poor individuals indirectly redistributes tax revenues from regions hit by a favorable shock to regions hit by an unfavorable one. Centralized fiscal redistribution has therefore been advocated as a way to insure individuals against...