Estimation of portfolio expected credit loss is required for IFRS9 regulatory purposes. It starts with the estimation of scenario loss at loan level, and then aggregated and summed up by scenario probability weights to obtain portfolio expected loss. This estimated loss can vary significantly,...

This paper focuses on agency theory to explain investment behavior difference between private domestic and foreign in Senegalese industry. We put domestic companies into two groups with regard to managerial ownership and institutional ownership. An augmented accelerator model with demand...

Supply chain strategy is one of the main prerogatives of a corporate board. How does corporate board diversity affect buyer-supplier relationships? Following a requirement for California firms to increase board gender diversity, affected buyers consolidated their supply base by reducing...

A residual-income model, named Systemic Value Added (SVA), is proposed for decision-making purposes, based on a systemic approach introduced in Magni (2000, 2003, 2004). The model translates the notion of residual income (excess profit) giving formal expression to a counterfactual alternative...

We show that project evaluation should be based on free cash flows at nominal prices. We present a case where the results from the constant price method are biased upwards and there is a risk to accept bad projects. It is a widespread practice to evaluate projects at constant prices. With an...

This paper defines economic value added as an instrument of the efficiency’s evaluation in the Czech capital market. EVA is a new evaluation criterion of efficiency in the Czech Republic and in practice it is not much applied in the Czech companies. EVA is just used for big companies. Typical...

We model pre-investment R&D decisions in the presence of spillover effects in an option pricing framework with analytic tractability. Two firms face two decisions that are solved for interdependently in a two-stage game. The first-stage decision is: what is the optimal level of coordination...

The submitted paper is intended to revolutionize the handling methods of credit sheets and the means of collecting budgetary incomes, on one hand, and to allow operators to verify in real time the happening and recording of an economical phenomenon in the area of credit ordination through the...

The priorities of the EU budget for 2009 are: economic growth, employment, climate, strengthening security and safety of European citizens, the social dimension of the EU. Divided into areas, the EU provides for sustainable development, regional education and research 45.9 billion for natural...

In the context in which most countries in Western Europe is almost unanimously accepted advantage of using the single currency, it appreciates that for Romania, whose foreign trade is facing up to approximately 2 / 3 to the market, adopting the single currency will bring real benefits. To become...