This work explores the conflict in the international sphere in the interwar period regarding the exploitation of the large iron ore reserves in the central region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, along with some of their implications. The literature that covers the debate about the...

The second coffee valorization was atypical among other valorization operations of the First Republic. The context in which it was undertaken, marked by the First World War and its repercussions on international trade and financial markets, forced the support of coffee prices to be financed with...

In this document takes place an analysis on the main rural development tendencies in the Central American and Andean countries. Also, it presents a synthesis of the main academic and political debates related to the policies and strategies of rural development impelled in these sub regions. The...

Water management provides a critical lens onto the development process. For the last several centuries, improvements in clean water and sanitation have contributed to better health and increased life expectancies. Currently, however, developing countries seem unable to make much progress in...

In the past 30 years, the historiography of colonial Pampean agriculture showed a radical change. The “Bonaerense Campaign”, which was thought extensively devoted to cattle, was recently named one of the most important grain-producing regions of the Spanish Empire. This new hermeneutics of...

The basic theorems of international trade lead economists to expect trade and autarky to result in income expansion and contraction. Likewise, world trade fluctuations may be expected to lead to fluctuations in domestic income. These theorems assume, however, that trade expansion and contraction...

Here I first survey the evidence on forced and free labor in a resource-abundant, sparsely settled Spanish-American colony on the American Indian and Portuguese frontiers. The focus among forced labor forms is on the compulsory labor service obligations the Spanish exacted as tribute from the...

I argue here that economic activity fell considerably in the first three decades of Paraguay's early national period, below levels it had attained in the late colonial period and would attain again only after the mid-nineteenth century. I attribute this economic depression primarily to regional...

I confront here with the evidence the revisionist hipothesis that early in the second half of the nineteenth century, once the Parana River was opened to international navigation and trade by the new Argentine government, the foreign trade of Paraguay during the governments of Carlos Antonio...

Rural economy, that is, the integrated system of non-homogeneous activities as performed out of urban areas, has very often been confused, in the development literature, with agricultural economy, which aims at the increase of agricultural and zootechnic production. The two terms imply distinct,...