Fiscal decentralization of power from the central to the local level in North Macedonia officially began on July 1st, 2005, and after 20 years there are some changes but in general more than 50% of LGSUs gets transfers from the central government financing were the institutions are located and...

Many studies show that fiscal redistribution among regions carried out by a national government undermines the cost efficiency of local governments. In Japan, a unique fiscal system, the Hometown Tax Donation (HTD) system, was launched in 2008. Citizens may donate some of their inhabitant taxes...

The issue of the municipal public economy has to be studied, since the municipality is the area of government that we have closest to our home and is the one we first resort to request a public service, such as those of first need: water, clean, public safety and many more. In terms of...

Previous empirical evidence on municipal efficiency mostly uses cross-sectional data which makes it impossible to separate unobserved heterogeneity from inefficiency. Furthermore, they also typically use a two-stage approach which has been widely criticized as the assumptions in the first stage...

The paper discusses principles of local taxation such as accountability, benefit-tax link, non-distortion, regional equity, long-term efficiency, reliability and stability of tax bases, tax sharing as implicit insurance, and administrative simplicity. Not all of the criteria for local taxation...

In this paper we analyze the system of long-term care insurance currently in place in Belgium or rather in Flanders (the Dutch-speaking part of the country), since the French and German-speaking parts have not yet such insurance. More precisely, we review the scope, benefits, financing and...

We study the short-run impacts of labor income taxation in an aggregate economy of N2 regions. The distinct regions demand workers. Each region is endowed with one unit of immobile capital. The aggregate economy also has one unit of labor that is mobile across the regions. All regions produce a...

Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of injury and death in the U.S. The role of traffic law enforcement in the reduction of accidents has been studied by relatively few papers and with mixed results that may be due to a simultaneity problem. Traffic law enforcement may reduce...

Policy makers as well as taxpayers are interested in comparing the tax burden in their countries with others, particularly given the wide variations in taxation levels and policies. In order to assess the heterogeneous national tax systems on a fully comparable basis, it is essential to have a...

Executive Summary: Iowa introduced the Historic Preservation and Cultural and Entertainment District (HPCED) Tax Credit Program in 2000. The program allows property owners or developers to claim tax credits equal to 25 percent of qualified rehabilitation costs for eligible historic properties in...