The money supply process is assumed to be fixed in economic literature or at least there is a central bank trying to control the liquidity in the economy. On the other hand, the demand side is more volatile and more uncertain. This situation hinders the homogenous and symmetric information...

While credit cards provide transactions services, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities to assets. However, index number theory measures service flows and is based on aggregation theory,...

While credit cards provide transactions services, as do currency and demand deposits, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities, such as credit card balances, to assets, such as money....

While credit cards provide transactions services, as do currency and demand deposits, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities, such as credit card balances, to assets, such as money....

While credit cards provide transactions services, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities to assets. However, index number theory measures service flows and is based on aggregation theory,...

While credit cards provide transactions services, as do currency and demand deposits, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities, such as credit card balances, to assets, such as money....

Infrastructure has experienced a rapid development in China over the past decade. The economic contribution of infrastructure investment has been widely examined in the literature using various data and models. However, the results are inconclusive. This paper using Nonlinear ARDL tests the...

This study aims to investigate the spillover effects from geopolitical risks (proxied by the geopolitical risk index) and cryptocurrencies-related uncertainty (proxied by the Cryptocurrency Uncertainty Index) to cryptocurrencies. We utilize the Baruník and Křehlík (2018) framework to detect...

This policy brief investigates Sierra Leone's interest rate volatility, a recurring concern due to its economic instability. Using the ARDL model and bolstered by the stability exhibited in CUSUM and CUSUM square tests, we explore the impact of deposit and lending interest rates on money demand....

We investigate the problem of testing the finiteness of moments for a class of semi-parametric time series encompassing many commonly used specifications. The existence of positive-power moments of the strictly stationary solution is characterized by the Moment Determining Function (MDF) of the...