The study chronicles the changes that took place in the Bulgarian financial system during and following the crisis in 1996 and 1997. The sections on the Bulgarian National Bank and the money supply reflect the changes brought about by the establishment of the currency board. Separate sections...

This note shows that the Italian Mini BOTs proposed in 2019 bore the potential neither to become Italian legal tender nor to practically increase Italian government debt, but to practically cause a mere reduction in taxation and thence in government spending or transfers. Since the Eurozone...

The monetarism, as I have tried to outline in this work is based on the ideas of the American professor Milton Friedman, who tried to revitalize and reconfigure the old quantity theory of money. These ideas were transposed and discussed by authors like Ion Pohoață, Tiberiu Brăilean or Al....

This paper addresses the perspective of Hayek’s doctrine on monetary arrangements in the economy and his favorable argument for an international central bank over national central bank. I also discussed Hayek’s view on free banking (i.e. for the free issue of bank notes) that would enable...

The phenomenon of soaring inflation and the depreciation of a country's currency has become a factual discussion on several discussions of economic disciplines. In the context of the rupiah exchange rate, an empirical fact explains that in some periods, the currency of the Republic of Indonesia,...

Indian currency rupee is depreciating rapidly against the US dollar and other foreign currencies. This paper analyses the major causes of this depreciation. It also discusses its cures.

The broad aim of this paper is to estimate the money demand function for the case of six Gulf Cooperation Council countries. By applying panel cointegration tests, the empirical results reveal strong evidence of cointegration between the variables of the model for individual countries as well as...

Technological advancements in the means of production are the driving force behind the changes in the prevailing system of socio-economic relations. Feudalism was transformed into capitalism as a result of such advancements. While man obtained physical freedom, the financial freedom remained...

The relationship between money and macroeconomic variables such as output, inflation and unemployment is the basis of macroeconomic policy piquing the interests of both academic economists and policy makers especially in the aftermath of the Great Recession. With the Federal Reserve expanding...

The Bank of International Settlement in its latest report demonstrates how the inflation levels, especially of food and energy prices have affected the behaviour of households in the U.S and in other countries. This paper aims to set out a method to use home equity as a policy tool for the...