Nonpoint pollution arises from dispersed sources and lacks direct monitoring. Observing individual abatement levels or discharges is generally impractical. This paper addresses the economic incentives for controlling nonpoint pollution, which differs from point source pollution due to...

Global energy security is a growing worldwide concern in the presence of high economic policy uncertainty (EPU) that can be addressed by advancing sustainable energy diversification (ED) practices. Energy security can be estimated by combining ED and EPU indices; hence, this study uses a dataset...

Climate change and environmental degradation constitute challenging and demanding issues that need mitigation and adaptation strategies and plans, as well as scientific research to test the causality between economic growth and pollution levels. From this viewpoint, the present theoretical...

To identify sectors in Croatia that are particularly sensitive to the European Union's measures for transitioning to a low-carbon economy, this paper analyses data from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on greenhouse gas emissions. The aim is to identify the...

The CORSIA climate agreement requires the signatories to cap their bilateral international aviation carbon emissions to 85% of the level of 2019. Signatories can satisfy the cap by using offsets and sustainable aviation (SAF) fuels.This international agreement faces three handicaps: the...

China’s rapid industrialization and urbanization in recent decades have deteriorated its air environmental quality. This study focuses on air pollutions in terms of CO, NO2, O3, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 in Chinese provinces. Although the heterogeneity of environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs) from...

Global warming and climate change represent more than just an environmental crisis; they are urgent issues exacerbated by the era of neoliberal globalization. This has become a global problem and is increasingly posing a significant threat to human security. Addressing this crisis necessitates...

Human activities have created environmental degradation with the internalization of the resulting externalities having been the main concern for policy makers worldwide. Uncertainty and unconvincing scientific evidence of various biophysical processes are present in many planned environmental...

This study theoretically investigates energy-saving investment incentives in duopolies. First, we investigate a binary choice model in which each firm chooses whether to make an energy-saving investment and then they face Cournot competition. We focus on the incentive to become the leading firm...

This paper investigates the Chinese secondary industry, revealing two significant findings through the integration of neoclassical economic theory and contemporary quasi-experimental methods. Firstly, it reveals that stringent environmental regulations can result in substantial economic losses,...