Testing purchasing power parity (PPP) using black market exchange rate data has gained popularity in recent times. It is claimed that black market exchange rate data more often support the PPP than the official exchange rate data. In this study, to assess both the long run stability of exchange...

This article discusses five specific economic patterns influenced by AI: the emergence of the machina economica, the acceleration of the division of labor, the introduction of AI leading to triangular agency relationships, the recognition of data and AI-based machine labor as new factors of...