Pluralistic organizations are often argued to have become an indisputable realityfor senior managers. In consequence, the role of hierarchy has come under close scrutiny.How can organizations balance the need for congruence, provided through hierarchy, withthe need for greater organizational...

Abstract Purpose – This paper is derived from a two-year study that sought to provide a critical understanding of the current state of business leadership development (BLD) and to identify directions for innovative future practice. The first of two companion papers, this contribution aims to...