Energy efficiency is a key priority also from a climate perspective, but efforts to increase efficiency should be balanced with the effort to increase the share of renewable sources in order to reduce fossil emissions. The climate impact of various energy efficiency measures are quite different...

Environmental taxes imposed on households have been introduced in many countries. However, few countries have reached the level of environmental taxation as is seen in Denmark today although many are considering shifting the tax burden towards the consumption that are harming the environment....

There are considerable benefits from cooperating among member states on meeting the 2020 RES targets. Today countries are supporting investments in renewable energy by many different types of support schemes and with different levels of support. The EU has opened for cooperation mechanisms such...

The trade off between investing in energy savings in single family houses and investing in more expensive heating technologies with low variable costs has been modelled for a number of building and consumer categories in Denmark. The households have an option to combine their primary heating...

This paper contains an analysis of stylised natural gas and electricity supply sectors. Power plants operate either on natural gas or on a competing fuel – e.g. oil. The competing fuel is assumed to be traded at world market price whereas natural gas is sold by a national monopoly. The paper...

The increase in oil prices has put pressure on the global economy. Even economies that have a high degree of self-sufficiency concerning oil products are experiencing rising production costs and price increases for households energy use. Therefore, changes in energy policies are under...

Internationally a debate on the distributional impact of energy taxation has focused on the tax burden relative to income. The general conclusion is that taxes are regressive, but at a varying degree for different countries. This paper deals with energy consumption and tax impacts in a regional...

This paper examines structural change in the power and heat producing sector (energy supply) and its implications for the economy. An integrated approach is used to describe the interactions between this sector and the rest of the economy. Thus, a very detailed model of the sector for Denmark...

This paper analyses the combination of taxes and subsidies as an instrument to ensure a reduction of CO2 emission. The objective of the study is to compare recycling of a CO2 tax revenue as a subsidy to biomass use as opposed to traditional recycling like reduced income or corporate taxation. A...

Energy savings are seen as contributing substantially to reducing the fossil fuel dependence in Denmark and improving energy efficiency. Electricity savings in households is contributing to this through the marginal effect of generating the electricity. As the fossil fuel content of generation...