No longer does society consider the full extent of the argument and consequences or benefits of a system change. All the record-breaking economic success of the last few decades simply furthers a divide between people/organizations that have money and people/organizations that need money....

The research examines Saudi Arabia's foreign policy against the background of the Syrian conflict. It focuses in particular on religious and historical backgrounds, which are of great importance for understanding developments in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia's changing role in a region that has...

This paper work assesses the key aspects of a framework for research on revolutions. Our approach includes a heuristic based on an idea suggested by Marx in the 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte: “The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living”. From...

This paper work assesses the key aspects of a framework for research on revolutions. Our approach includes a heuristic based on an idea suggested by Marx in the 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte: “The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living”. From...

The present paper is part of unpublished book divided into three interrelated manuscripts that analyze the collapse of the Sudan. The current paper conclude that the decision of the International Criminal Court to arrest President Bashir triggered a process for the disintegration of an...

This manual offers a comprehensive overview of key economic theories applied to environmental issues. It covers classical views of nature as a resource, externalities theory, and critiques of the "Tragedy of the Commons" by Hardin and Ostrom. Behavioral economics concepts, such as status quo...

This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted economic and social forces that have shaped Bangladesh's developmental trajectory, tracing its journey from pre-independence stagnation through post-war recovery to its emergence as a resilient and increasingly successful nation...

It is a well-established rule in the Shariah (Islamic law) that a loan contract is of a charitable nature and as such the lender may not stipulate any excess or benefit from the borrower. However, it is also known in the Shariah that if the benefit from a loan comes to the lender voluntarily and...

From ancient times to the modern world, "The Shortest History of Economics" (published in the United States as "How Economics Explains the World") discusses the hidden economic forces behind war, innovation and social transformation. It traces how capitalism and the market system emerged, and...

The development of economic thought in the Islamic tradition started since the beginning of the first century of the Hijrah. This period is a time when the scientific works about how to achieve economic progress and strengthen the country through foreign trade intangibles movements in the West,...