The economy is heterogeneous, complex, dynamic, interdependent and interactive. This new market paradigm developed for analyzing economic behaviors gives a holistic analysis of the system by employing the Behavioral Systems Approach, Cobweb Theorem and Evolutionary Game Theory in obtaining the...

Program numbers from a sample of IMF-supported programs are studied as if they were forecasts, through statistical analyses of the relationship between projections and outcomes for growth, inflation, and three balance of payments concepts. Statistical bias is found only for projections of...

Under general conditions, linear decision rules of agents with rational expectations are equivalent to restricted error corrections. However, empirical rejections of rational expectation restrictions are the rule, rather than the exception, in macroeconomics. Rejections often are conditioned on...

Real GDP and oil prices are decomposed into common stochastic trend and cycle processes using structural time series models. Potential real GDP is represented by the level of the trend component of real GDP. The potential rate of growth of real GDP is represented by the stochastic drift element...

Using structural time series models, Cuevas estimates common stochastic trends of real GDP and imports in Venezuela from 1974-2000. The real imports trend drifts upward at almost twice the rate of growth of GDP. This highlights the powerful structural tendency toward increasing imports in...

Money demand in Venezuela is modeled using structural time series and error correction approaches, for the period 1993.1 to 2001.4. The preferred model features seasonal cointegration and was estimated following a structural time series approach. There are similarities in the long-run behavior...

This paper examines the sources of fluctuations in inflation and output in two leading transition- economy candidates for admission to the European Union (EU), Poland and Hungary. Using a rational expectations, dynamic open economy aggregate supply- aggregate demand model, we consider real oil...

Volatility is measured as a risk and plays vital role in many financial decisions. The central part of this study is to capture the existence of the volatility in the regional financial markets (Karachi, Bombay, China, Korea and Hong Kong) have been included and the sample of Jan 1,2007 to Dec...