The main issue is the organization of firms when different degrees of labor participation are taken into account. We start reviewing the literature on the LM firm. We then consider a less radical labor participation, i.e., the Aoki firm. We survey extensions of the Aoki's firm to the case of...

The main aim of the paper is to highlight the relation between flexibility and vertical integration. To this purpose, we go through the selection of the optimal degree of vertical disintegration of a flexible firm which operates in a dynamic uncertain environment. The enterprise we model enjoys...