Objective – The main objective of this empirical study was to validate a substantiated Principals’ Developmental Leadership Behaviors Model (PDLBM) and an instrument to identify critical components of Principals’ Developmental Leadership Behaviors (PDLB) in Malaysian secondary schools...

There is limited research on the determinants of firms’ green investment strategies in developing regions despite their importance to meet global climate change targets. Understanding how changes in firm climate investment affect environmental performance is essential for policy makers and...

Hart & Moore (1999) construct a model to show that contracts perform poorly when the state of the world is unverifiable and renegotiation cannot be ruled out. They implicitly assume that one player can extort payment from another by threatening to take an inefficient action which hurts both of...

Labor markets research documents how educational credentials shape inter-organizational allocations of labor through the matching of individuals to employers. We argue that educational credentials also shape intra-organizational allocations by affecting the placement of employees into formal...

This Article maintains that the decision in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, which referred to the corporation as a legal fiction designed to serve the interests of the people behind it, signals the “death of the firm” as a unit of legal analysis in which business entities are treated as more than...

This paper considers the twofold problem of compensation contracting and the design of a human capital investment scheme. Before contracting the principal and the agent can engage in a joint stochastic production process of exerting effort to raise the agent's productivity in the firm. The...

This paper reports on the “CEO's-eye-view” of the 1990 commercial real estate crisis at Citibank using unique data from CEO John Reed's private archives. This qualitative analysis sheds light on questions that have perennially plagued executives and intrigued scholars: How do organizations...

Objective - This study aims to determine the constraints on business development of organic products run by Muslim SMEs (MSMEs) in Malang city. Businesses concerned with organic generally adopt the principles of health, ecology, justice and protection. Organic products are very popular in...

Valve is a “flat” company without a management hierarchy or traditional boss roles: instead of top-down organization and management, Valve employees are free to work on whatever projects they choose and to convince other employees to join collaborative groups. Decision-making is thus...

We use data on 11,233 firms across 22 emerging markets to analyze how credit constraints and low-quality firm management inhibit corporate investment in green technologies. For identification we exploit quasi-exogenous variation in local credit conditions and in exposure to weather shocks. Our...