Zonal configuration of energy market is often a consequence of political borders. However there are a few methods developed to help with zonal delimitation in respect to some measures. This paper presents the approach aiming at reduction of the loop flow effect – an element of unscheduled...

By means of a constructive example we show that clustering of Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs) might give unsatisfactory results of zonal division of energy market. Specifically, we find that the division obtained from clustering of LMPs in some cases may not place the congested lines on the...

One of the methodologies that carry out the division of the electrical grid into zones is based on the aggregation of nodes characterized by similar Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDFs). Here, we point out that satisfactory clustering algorithm should take into account two aspects. First,...

We compare two competing methodologies of market zones identification under the criterion of social welfare maximization: (i) consensus clustering of Locational Marginal Prices over different wind scenarios and (ii) congestion contribution identification with congested lines identified across...

Adopting a zonal structure of electricity market requires specification of zones’ borders. One of the approaches to identify zones is based on clustering of Locational Marginal Prices (LMP). The purpose of the paper is twofold: (i) we extend the LMP methodology by taking into account variable...

Adopting a zonal structure of electricity market requires specification of zones’ borders. In this paper we use social welfare as the measure to assess quality of various zonal divisions. The social welfare is calculated by Market Coupling algorithm. The analyzed divisions are found by the...

This article analyses the political economy of state aid in the European Union (EU) using the concepts of economic patriotism and models of capitalism. State aid is analysed as a form of economic patriotism, which is conceived here as economic interventions which seek, by a number of means, to...

Software producers are making greater use of customer error reporting to discover defects and improve the quality of their products. We study how software development differences among producers (e.g., varying levels of process maturity) and software class and functionality differences (e.g.,...

Our society can benefit immensely from algorithmic decision-making and similar types of artificial intelligence. But algorithmic decision-making can also have discriminatory effects. This paper examines that problem, using online price differentiation as an example of algorithmic...

In this paper, we argue that pricing is all about price changes, and that the costs of price changes are often simultaneously subtle and substantial. We discuss a framework to deal with the dynamics of changing prices. This framework incorporates customer interpretations of price changes, an...