Easy to compute exact maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) for parameters of a stochastic bivariate Itô Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model and for parameters of an extension that treats undercounting are presented here

Maximum Likelihood (ML) shows both lower power and higher bias in small sample Monte Carlo experiments than Indirect Inference (II) and IIís higher power comes from its use of the model-restricted distribution of the auxiliary model coeffi cients (Le et al. 2016). We show here that IIís higher...

This study aims to quantify the extent to which poor households receiving cash support from the Vision Umurenge Programme (VUP) allocate their income across major spending categories, mainly consumption, savings, household-level investment, and cash transfers for community participation. The...