There are many recent studies that indicate that female education and HIV are still positively related in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). So education is not a vaccine as claimed and there exists a puzzle that needs to be resolved. In this study, by focusing on the use and non-use of condoms by...

This paper uses the revealed preference, willingness-to-pay approach to estimate the benefits in a cost-benefit analysis of a condom social marketing (CSM) program in Tanzania. The demand curve used to derive the consumer surplus had unit elasticity and it was estimated from a cross-section...

HIV-stigma is a major reason why HIV continues to be a global epidemic. Interventions targeting HIV-stigma are therefore necessary. To find an intervention that is worthwhile, a Cost-Benefit Analysis is needed which compares costs and benefits. There are many documented costs of HIV-stigma. What...

Much research effort has been devoted in developed countries to attempting to estimate the extent of shifting of the company income tax. Company income taxes also play an important role in developing countries, but in addition sales taxes have been introduced

Because the issue of how to put a monetary value on a life will always be controversial, this paper presents an alternative approach that can in certain circumstances avoid the use of monetary values. The alternative approach uses time as the numeraire. This numeraire can handle both the ex ante...

This paper provides a critique of techiniques for estimating distributional weights using the revealed preference (imputational) approach. Stochastic versus deterministic methods are contrasted and a preference for the stochastic methodology is indicated. It argues that Probit is the most...

The aim is to provide some insights into the short-run dynamics of tax shifting. Using Kenyan cross-section data on firms for 1974 and 1975, estimates are made of current and lagged shifting for both the company income and sales taxes. One of the findings is that the income tax is over-fully...

This paper revisits the issue of whether to include maintenance costs in an economic evaluation in mental health. The source of these maintenance costs may be public or private transfers. The issue is discussed in terms of a formal cost‐benefit criterion. It is shown that, when transfers have...

It is now almost accepted practice that distributional weights be incorporated into cost-benefit criteria. While there are still major dissenters on this issue, notably Harberger, the relevant questions now involve the nature of the weights themselves. A number of alternative formulations have...

The purpose of this article is to derive estimates of the set of weights used in 99 railway closure decisions made over the period 1963-70 in the U.K. and to examine the usefulness of these weights to policy-makers