This study explores the impact on Java's economic geography of railways built by the Dutch colonial government. Pre-1940 Dutch railway construction affords an historical experiment on the spatial distribution of economic activities across urban Java both before and after 1940.Using city data for...

The survival of firms under changes in the business environment caused by exogenous shocks may be explained using economic Darwinism. Exogenous shocks can cause ‘cleansing effects' as shocks clean out unproductive firms so that available resources are allocated to the remaining more productive...

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between social and economic factors on the economic loss and number of victims of natural disaster occurring in Indonesia using a data set from 2004 to 2008 that consists 385 natural disaster events. The socio-economic factors used in this...