external aid, yet poorly rooted in the social and political fabric of the country, but nation-building from below as a pre …, did not contribute to democratization nor to the stabilization of volatile political, military and economic structures …. Both the portrayal of Guinea-Bissau as failed ‘narco state' as well as Western aid meant to stabilize this state by multi …

creation of viable state institutions. -- Guinea-Bissau ; elections ; democratization ; informal institutions ; aid …, did not contribute to democratization nor to the stabilization of volatile political, military and economic structures …. The portrayal of Guinea-Bissau as a failed "narco-state", as well as Western aid meant to stabilize this state, are both …

Bangladesh and Pakistan had very divergent experiences with aid after 1971. Politics in Pakistan was less inclusive in … terms of opportunities for intermediate class political entrepreneurs. In this context, the significant role of military aid … centralized organization of political power and less concentrated forms of aid allowed intermediate class political entrepreneurs …

, did not contribute to democratization nor to the stabilization of volatile political, military and economic structures …. The portrayal of Guinea- Bissau as a failed "narco-state", as well as Western aid meant to stabilize this state, are both … based on dubious concepts. Certainly, the impact of drug trafficking could endanger democratization and state-building if …