Applying principles of merger evaluation to the health care industry in general, and to hospital markets in particular, poses several unique challenges. Definition of relevant geographic markets and assessment of the consequences of changes in competition for patient and social welfare are...

In March 2011 three national network operations were exchanged between América Móvil and Digicel, withdrawing from competing in each other’s markets: El Salvador, Honduras and Jamaica. The effect was significantly to reduce the levels of competition at the time and in the future, by...

Climate change is one of the most important issues of the twenty-first century. With the Earth’s fate literally hanging in the balance, observers increasingly recognize the fragility of the planet’s ecosystem. Rising temperatures, hurricanes, floods, wildfires, droughts, tropical storms, and...

The recent economic crisis compels us to think how to avoid other future disasters. Since averting misconducts is more cost-effective than punishing them - due to the global social costs and the difficulties of restoring damages when the social harm has already occurred - regulation and legal...

Antitrust policy today is an anomaly. On the one hand, antitrust is thriving internationally. On the other hand, antitrust’s influence has diminished domestically. Over the past thirty years, there have been fewer antitrust investigations and private actions. Today the Supreme Court complains...

The Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice are crafting antitrust guidance for health care service providers considering the formation of accountable care organizations (ACOs) for participation in the Medicare Shared Savings Program. The formation...

The conclusion in a research handbook should emphasise the complexity of the problem than trying to claim a one-size-fits-all solution. I have categorised net neutrality into positive and negative (content discrimination) net neutrality indicating the latter as potentially harmful. Blocking...

La normativa sugli aiuti di Stato comporta profili problematici legati, in particolar modo, all’esigenza di individuare in concreto comportamenti lesivi della concorrenza derivanti dall’erogazione di risorse pubbliche a favore di soggetti economici operanti nel mercato comune. Tali problemi...

In dealing with telecom operator and internet mergers in the late 1990s the European Commission adopted a pessimistic view of competition based on the then emerging theory of network effects. This paper takes a short and critical look at the Commission's use of network effects theory, and its...

This paper analyzes the first 13 cartel decisions of the European Commission under its 2006 revised fining guidelines. I find that the severity of the cartel fines is more than five times higher than those figured under the previous 1998 Guidelines. For the first time in antitrust history, I...