We study the institutional solutions needed in a decentralized framework to cope with the potential adverse welfare effects caused by localized negative shocks, that impact on the provision of public services and that can be limited by precautionary investments. We consider first a public relief...

In this paper we consider the institutional arrangements needed in a decentralised framework to cope with the potential adverse welfare effects caused by negative shocks (like natural disasters, clinical errors, or terrorist attacks), that can be quot;limitedquot; (in their probability of...