We identify that consignments rejected by the European Union, due to the presence of unauthorized Genetically Modified food, have been diverted to third countries, creating trade deflections. We rely on a gravity model to examine the effects on food products. Our results show that the rejection...

This article presents a systematization and quantitative evaluation of the economic literature regarding the Brazilian Development Bank - BNDES - produced since its foundation, in 1952, until 2013. We identified, catalogued, read and analyzed approximately 1000 studies, in order to understand...