The gravity model has long been used for modelling and predicting trade flows. This paper generalises the gravity model allowing for proper representation of local and target country effects and also the business cycle. The new approach is based on a panel data framework (instead of a simple...

This study seeks to find out whether there existed an empirically discernable and robust tendency in the world for countries to converge in terms of human development over the last three decades. Human development is measured by the Human Development Index trend and convergence across countries...

This paper is concerned with the possible bivariate Granger causality between immigration, measured as the proportion of net permanent and long-term movement to resident population, and long-term unemployment, measured as the proportion of long-term unemployed to total unemployed, in Australia...

Following Konya (2000a, 2000b), this paper is the third in a series analyzing unemployment in Australia in the period of 1960 to 1997 with special regard to the unit-root versus stationarity hypotheses. It provides new evidence by allowing for the possibility of two endogenous breaks in the...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the rate and level of Australian unemployment, and also their logarithms, in the period of 1960 to 1997, with special regard to the unit-root versus stationarity hypotheses. Theoretically, the level of unemployment, the rate of unemployment and the logarithm...

This paper compares the basic properties of stationary autoregressive processes and random walks with special regard to their implications to unit root testing. In particular, it aims to answer three basic but important questions. Firstly: 'What do a constant term (drift) and a linear time trend...

This paper investigates the possibility of Granger causality between the logarithms of real exports and real GDP in twenty-five OECD countries, between 1960 and 1998. Two complementary testing strategies are applied. First, depending on the time series properties of the data, causality is tested...