We empirically study the role of product market competition and market power, discipline vs complement role, on real earnings management (REM) in Indonesia. Using 1800 firm-year observations from 2012 to 2020, we discover that the competition has an inverse association with REM, implying that...

This study investigates the potential factors explaining the inconsistent relationship between profitability and firm value. Specifically, it examines whether dividend policy contributes to the profitability-firm value relationship and determines the form of the moderating variables. We use a...