input supplier (vertical integration vs. outsourcing), as well as the location of intermediate input production (offshore vs … intensity, but favors outsourcing in industries of high sourcing intensity. Moreover, we find that productivity boosts …

integration and outsourcing and how this effect depends on the relative input intensity of the production process. The prediction … strongly in favor of vertical integration, and against outsourcing, in more headquarter-intensive industries. …

input supplier (vertical integration vs. outsourcing), as well as the location of intermediate input production (offshore vs … intensity, but favors outsourcing in industries of high sourcing intensity. Moreover, we find that productivity boosts …

integration and outsourcing and how this effect depends on the relative input intensity of the production process. The prediction … strongly in favor of vertical integration, and against outsourcing, in more headquarter-intensive industries …

down outsourcing into two types by distinguishing whether or not they involve technology sharing between the two parties … technology-sharing-outsourcing IPRs promote outsourcing of more complex goods to a destination country by guaranteeing the … protection of their technology, (ii) for non-technology-related-outsourcing IPRs attract the outsourcing of less complex products …

estimate knowledge spillovers through outsourcing relationships between German firms, measured by the number of those firms …