In this study, we empirically investigate the relationship between financial and auditing requirements, capital requirements, official supervisory power, and the likelihood of receiving a qualified audit opinion. The sample consists of 71 qualified financial statements and 17,526 unqualified...

We conduct a literature review of 60 studies on the impact of book-tax conformity on earnings management. We review this relationship in public firms, and then in public versus private firms. We also review external factors that may affect this relationship, such as accounting standards...