This paper describes and analyses political representation at the local level, with emphasis on the representative's choice between adopting clientelistic or universalistic practices. Based on a non-representative sample of 112 local representatives from twelve municipalities of Minas Gerais, we...

This paper analyzes federal transfers to not-for-profit organizations (NPOs) in the past twelve years in Brazil. We analyze four points: i) the variations in terms of absolute amount of resources transferred to NPOs from the federal government; ii) the proportion of NPOs transfers relatively to...

This paper addresses the relationship between social structure and social values in the Brazilian society in light of survey data from a national sample of 3,772 respondents. In addition to examining traditional variables – such as income and education –, the analysis incorporated...

This paper describes and analyses the results from a pilot study about the exercise of political representation at the local government level, from the viewpoint of city councilors. The key questions that guided this study were: What do councilors perceive as their functions? How do they...

In this paper, we discuss new data on party affiliations within ministries to characterize party-political appointments in high- and mid-level bureaucracy, from 1999 to 2018. We argue that party cleavages within these organizational structures are significant and, to analyze the variation...

This issue paper presents practical guidance for policy officers, enabling the implementation of the five regulatory reporting principles - Fit for purpose, Coherent, Clear, Technologydriven, and Interoperable - into policy design. Aligned with Better Regulation Tools #43 and #44, the document...

Over the past decades, ICT products have allowed our society to become smarter and more connected, offering new benefits to consumers while creating opportunities to businesses across the EU. Meanwhile, the pervasiveness of ICT products within the EU Single Market has brought forward unforeseen...

In a world that claims to value equality, inequality persists and in many ways is even growing, despite the ethical and pragmatic challenges it poses to social, political, and economic life dimensions. Yet, progressive movements, driven by ideals and interests, emphasize the importance of equity...