Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), it derives insights from a large number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) that embody … substantive provisions on both government procurement and services trade. An important finding is that, from an economic … perspective, general market access commitments with respect to services trade and commitments regarding government procurement of …

national contexts in driving the proliferation and co-evolution of sustainability standards, based on the case of the global … important sources of standards variation, for example in the cases of Fairtrade, UTZ Certified and the Common Code for the … targeting particular consuming countries have been key mechanisms of standards transmission and selection. Unlike prior research …

Global regulations, such as social and environmental standards, often result from project-based multi … ground. We show that local development projects aimed at testing and implementing new practices at the local level and … Community, we develop a process model of global standard development and discuss in particular the importance of global project …

The growing number of voluntary standards for governing transnational arenas is presenting standards organizations with … their own respective standards that are increasingly similar. By developing the notion of ‘standards markets,' this paper … examines this tension and studies how different social movement and industry-driven standards organizations compete as well as …

International standards have the potential to both promote and hinder international trade. Yet empirical scholarship on … the standards-trade relationship has been held up due to some methodological challenges: measurement problems, varied … standard on the country-pair trade flows between 91 nations over the 1995-2005 period. To deal with these challenges, we …

We assess the literature on public and private quality standards and their impact in food markets, international trade … impediment against trade and development, reflecting the complexity of these effects and their specificity to industries and …, and global supply chains. We focus on their effects on welfare, trade, industrial organization, and labor markets and with …

independently. We build a three-country oligopolistic trade model by incorporating the endogenous determination of standards by …This study considers endogenous determination of domestic standards on products that cause negative consumption … externalities in the presence of a preferential trade agreement (PTA) in a three-country world. In particular, we examine how a PTA …

discusses how the level of development influences the political equilibrium. We also analyze the relation between trade and the …This paper presents a political economy model of public standards in an open economy model. We use the model to derive …-standardization' or ‘over-standardization' results, and which standards can be labeled as (producer) protectionist measures …

transformation. The standard trade theory postulates that trade openness contributes to poverty alleviation directly by changing … the trade-to-grossdomestic-product ratio to measure openness often fail to find a direct effect of openness on poverty over … effectiveness of the factor proportion channel may be due to limitations of the commonly used measure of trade openness: the trade …