The competitive nature of business today requires the knowledge to be able to manipulate process levels in a predictable fashion and to reduce process variation (quality control). This goal can beachieved through the use of experimentation to identify and confirm the effects of the process...

Rationale: Tax policy has been used as an instrument of health for many years. Since the late 1970's increased excise taxes and duties, at federal and provincial/territorial levels, have resulted in decreased demand and lower cigarette sales in Canada. Nevertheless, in recent years, Canadian...

Neighbor balanced designs ensure that treatments comparisons will not be much affected by neighbor effects, therefore, these designs are more useful to remove the neighbor effects in experiments where the performance of a treatment is affected by the treatments applied to its adjacent plots. In...

Neighbor balanced designs are more useful to remove the neighbor effects in experiments where the performance of a treatment is affected by the treatments applied to its adjacent plots. These designs ensure that treatment comparisons will be less affected by neighbor effects as possible. In...

Rees (1967) introduced neighbor designs in serology. Since then it is well investigated field. Neighbor balanced designs are more useful to remove the neighbor effects in experiments where the performance of a treatment is affected by the treatments applied to its neighboring plots. Neighbor...

Minimal neighbour designs (NDs) are used when a response of a treatment (direct effect) is affected by the treatment(s) applied in the neighbouring units. Minimal generalised NDs are preferred when minimal NDs cannot be constructed. Through the method of cyclic shifts (Rule I), the conditions...

The shift of birth and death rates from high to low level in any population is referred as demographic transition. Mechanically, the transition of a society creates more working member of its own population commonly called demographic bonus. This article empirically explores the realistic...

In this paper, a demographic study was conducted on Muslim Arians of Punjab, Pakistan. Hitherto no detailed demographic study has been conducted on Arians of Pakistan. The population composition of Arians residing in Punjab was evaluated. The survey was conducted in three Arians pre-dominated...