Biodiversity loss can have direct economic impacts, as it limits the availability of natural resources and increases … costs across various industries. When firms face significant risks due to biodiversity loss, their creditworthiness may be … loans market in the European Union and United Kingdom. Firstly, we construct a country-level indicator of biodiversity …

counter these in selected OECD countries. More specifically, the paper begins with an overview of the main biodiversity and …

The ecological literature suggests that biodiversity reduces the variance of ecosystem services. Thus, conservative … biodiversity management has an insurance value to risk-averse users of ecosystem services. We analyze a conceptual ecological … and external effects of management effort on biodiversity; and (iii) the welfare loss due to free-riding may decrease or …

species forming a food chain. The size of habitat determines the diversity and abundance of species. That biodiversity …

contribute to monitoring progress towards two of the 2011-2020 Aichi Biodiversity Targets under the Convention on Biological … eliminate, phase out, or reform incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity and to develop and apply positive … incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Aichi Target 20 refers to the need to substantially increase …