This paper provides a historical overview of the South African trade union movement, followed by a brief discussion of … long history, trade union membership levels, their impact on average wage levels, and their pursuit of strike action, has …

century. Yet little is known about the electoral consequences of these sponsorship arrangements. I study how union sponsorship …, I collect new data on universe of union-sponsored candidates, and new data on all parliamentary candidates and their … nominations and general elections. The results show that attaining a union sponsorship increases the probability that a candidate …