The countries of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region are confronting a number of demographic challenges over the coming decades. These include shrinking populations and labor forces because of below replacement-level fertility and older age structures, high mortality in a large portion of...

The diaspora populations from Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries are large in both absolute and relative terms. Nearly 11 percent of the population in the region resides outside the country of birth (compared to 3.1 percent globally). The ECA diaspora populations are highly educated and...

The countries of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region are confronting a number of demographic challenges over the coming decades. These include shrinking populations and labor forces because of below replacement-level fertility and older age structures, high mortality in a large portion of...

Migration has become an important phenomenon in many countries of Europe and Central Asia. The development implications of migration in the region were first examined in the flagship report "Migration and Remittances: Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union." This report builds on the World...

Romania, along with many other countries in the European Union, faces daunting fiscal challenges. Fiscal balances deteriorated sharply following the global economic crisis, forcing Romania to implement a fiscal consolidation that was one of the largest in the European Union, but which may not be...

This paper describes the nature and evolution of poverty in Nigeria between 1985 and 1992. It highlights the potential wealth of the Nigerian economy and examines how the economic policies pursued in the 1980s and 1990s impacted economic growth and welfare. The headcount measure of poverty in...

Der Autor, ein Bevölkerungsexperte der Weltbank, befaßt sich mit den hauptsächlichen Migrationsprozessen in der Russischen Föderation seit 1989. Die Gründe für die Rückwanderung von Russen aus anderen Nachfolgestaaten der ehemaligen Sowjetunion werden dargestellt. Ferner werden...

Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind demographische Veränderungen in Rußland im Zuge des wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Transformationsprozesses der neunziger Jahre. Der Verfasser analysiert aktuelle Trends von Fruchtbarkeit, Mortalität, Bevölkerungsentwicklung und Migration und verknüpft diese...